Sheilas-story Research and clinical trials

Patient story: "The nurse made sure I understood the risks." Research and clinical trials

When Kathleen Pemberton developed rheumatoid arthritis, it progressed rapidly. Within six months she was in serious pain. Most of her joints were inflamed and she had difficulty moving around. At her first consultation at Whipps Cross Hospital in Leytonstone, east London, the specialist suggested she consider taking part in a new Research and

Triggers of claustrophobia Claustrophobia

Many different situations or feelings can trigger claustrophobia. Even thinking about certain situations without exposure to them could be a trigger. Common triggers of claustrophobia include: lifts tunnels tube trains revolving doors public toilets cars with central locking car washes shop changing rooms hotel rooms with sealed windows

What causes claustrophobia? Claustrophobia

Claustrophobia is often caused by a traumatic event experienced during earlychildhood. For example, adults may develop claustrophobia if, as a child, they: were trapped or kept in a confined space were bullied or abused had a parent with claustrophobia Claustrophobia can also be triggered by unpleasant experiences or situations, such as

Causes Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) occurs when the lungs and airways become damaged and inflamed. It's usuallyassociated with long-term exposure to harmful substances such as cigarette smoke. Things that can increase your risk of developing COPD are outlined below. Smoking Smoking is themain cause of COPD and is thought to be responsible

Possible complications of a colostomy Colostomy

It's important to be aware of the possible problems you may experience after a colostomy.Rectal dischargePeople who have a colostomy, but have an intact rectum and anus, often experience a discharge of mucus from their rectum. Mucus is produced by the lining of the bowelto help the passage of stools.The lining of the bowel continues to produce

Living with a colostomy Colostomy

Itcan be difficult to adjust to a colostomy at first,but itdoesn't mean you can't have a full and active life. You may find the following information useful if you have a colostomy, or are due to have one in the near future. Colostomy equipment After a colostomy is formed, the opening in your abdomen (known as the stoma) produces digestive

Colostomy reversal Colostomy

If your colostomy is intended to be temporary, further surgery will be needed to reverse it at a later date. The reversal operation will only be carried out when you're in good health andfully recovered from the effects of the colostomy formation operation. This will usually be at least 12 weeks or more after the initial surgery. However, the

Diagnosis Gluten intolerance

Routine testing for coeliac disease isn't recommended unless you have symptoms or an increased risk of developing them. Testingfor coeliac disease involves having: Blood tests to help identify people who may have coeliac disease a biopsy to confirm the diagnosis These procedures are described in more detail below. While being tested for

Treatment Gluten intolerance

Coeliac disease is usually treated by simply excluding foods that contain gluten from your diet. This prevents damage to the lining of your intestines (gut) and the associated symptoms, such as Traveller's diarrhoea and stomach pain . If you have coeliac disease, you must give up all sources of gluten for life. Your symptoms will return if you