Undescended testicles
Undescended testicles are a common childhood condition where a boy's testicles are not in their usual place in the scrotum. It's estimated that about 1 in every 25 boys are born with undescended testicles.
The success rate for treating palpable testicles (located near the scrotum) is estimated to be higher than 90%. The operation is slightly less successful in treating impalpable testicles (located in the abdomen).
When he was two years old, James Addison had two operations to reposition his undescended testicles, says his mother, Laura.